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1. Ethylene (C₂H₄) Description: Ethylene is the most produced organic compound globally and a key building block in the petrochemical industry. It’s a colorless, flammable gas with a faint sweet odor. Applications: Used to produce polyethylene (plastic bags, bottles) Key raw material for ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol (antifreeze) Used in the manufacture of styrene, vinyl chloride, and alcohols Acts as a plant hormone to ripen fruits.

2. Propylene (C₃H₆) Description: Propylene, also known as propene, is a colorless gas with a slightly sweet odor. It's derived as a by-product from petroleum refining and natural gas processing. Applications: Main component in producing polypropylene (used in packaging, textiles, automotive parts) Used to manufacture acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, and isopropanol Vital in producing resins, plastics, and detergents
3. Toluene (C₆H₅CH₃) Description: Toluene is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with a paint-thinner smell. It's a mono-substituted benzene derivative, often found in crude oil and as a by-product of gasoline production. Applications: Used as an industrial solvent for paints, coatings, glues, and nail polish removers Precursor to benzene and xylene Used in the production of polyurethane foams, TNT (explosives), and synthetic dyes 4. Methanol (CH₃OH) Description: Methanol is a light, volatile, colorless liquid with a mild alcoholic odor. It is the simplest alcohol and is made from natural gas or biomass. Applications: Used in the production of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and various resins Serves as an alternative fuel and fuel additive Used in antifreeze, windshield washer fluid, and biodiesel production Also important in pharmaceuticals and plastics Safety Note: Toxic if ingested or inhaled in large amounts.

5. Benzene (C₆H₆)

Description: Benzene is a clear, highly flammable liquid with a sweet odor. It is one of the simplest aromatic hydrocarbons and is produced from crude oil. Applications: Used to produce styrene (for polystyrene plastics), phenol, and aniline Found in products like rubber, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides Also a precursor for various resins and synthetic fibers Health Note: Benzene is known to be toxic and carcinogenic, requiring careful handling. .

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Petrochemical Products Center

6. Xylene (C₆H₄(CH₃)₂)

Description: Xylene refers to a group of three isomers (ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene) of dimethylbenzene. It’s a sweet-smelling, flammable liquid. Applications: Used as a solvent in printing, rubber, and leather industries Major component in the production of terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate for polyester Used in cleaning agents, adhesives, and as a thinner for paints Common in the synthesis of dyes, perfumes, and pharmaceuticals

Petrochemical Products

Petrochemical Products

5. Benzene (C₆H₆)

Decoction process

Petrochemical Products Center

6. Xylene (C₆H₄(CH₃)₂)

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